Ampicillin (penicillin antibiotic that fights bacteria) is a semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.
Ampicillin is used to treat or prevent many different types of infections such as bladder infections, pneumonia, gonorrhea, meningitis, or infections of the stomach or intestines.
Ampicillin is also used for treatment of infection (Respiratory, GI, UTI and meningitis) due to E. coli, P. mirabilis, enterococci, Shigella, S. typhosa and other Salmonella, nonpenicillinase-producing N. gononhoeae, H. influenzae, staphylococci, streptococci including streptoc.
Ampicillin may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Associated Conditions: Bacterial Infections, Bloodstream Infections, Endocarditis, Gastrointestinal Infections, Genitourinary tract infection, Infection NOS, Infection caused by eikenella corrodens, Listeria infection, Meningitis, Bacterial, Pertussis, Respiratory Tract Infections (RTI), Salmonella, Salmonella Typhi Infection, Shigella, Skin bacterial infection, Subcutaneous bacterial infection, Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), Perinatal group B streptococcus.
Ampicillin is a penicillin beta-lactam antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually gram-positive, organisms.
The name "penicillin" can either refer to several variants of penicillin available, or to the group of antibiotics derived from the penicillins. Ampicillin has in vitro activity against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The bactericidal activity of Ampicillin results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis and is mediated through Ampicillin binding to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs).
Ampicillin is stable against hydrolysis by a variety of beta-lactamases, including penicillinases, and cephalosporinases and extended spectrum beta-lactamases.
By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, Ampicillin inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that Ampicillin interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.
Metabolism: N/A
Absorption: N/A
Route of elimination: Ampicillin is excreted largely unchanged in the urine.
Half life: N/A
Affected organisms: Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria, Gram-negative Bacteria, Gram-positive Bacteria, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Listeria monocytogenes, Haemophilus influenzae.
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects.Some medical conditions may interact with Ampicillin.
Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions.
Common side effects may include: nausea, vomiting, stomach painswollen, black, or "hairy" tongue or vaginal itching or discharge.
This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider.
