Tinidazole is an antibiotic that fights bacteria in the body, a nitroimidazole antitrichomonal agent effective against Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lamblia infections.
Tinidazole is used for the treatment of trichomoniasis caused by T. vaginalis in both female and male patients. Also for the treatment of giardiasis caused by G. duodenalis in both adults and pediatric patients older than three years of age and for the treatment of intestinal amebiasis and amebic liver abscess caused by E. histolytica in both adults and pediatric patients older than three years of age.
Tinidazole may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
Tinidazole is a synthetic antiprotozoal agent. Tinidazole demonstrates activity both in vitro and in clinical infections against the following protozoa: Trichomonas vaginalis, Giardia duodenalis (also termed G. lamblia), and Entamoeba histolytica. Tinidazole does not appear to have activity against most strains of vaginal lactobacilli.
Associated Conditions: Amebiasis, Bacterial Vaginosis (BV), Giardiasis, Nongonococcal urethritis, Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD), Trichomoniasis.
Tinidazole is a prodrug and antiprotozoal agent. The nitro group of tinidazole is reduced in Trichomonas by a ferredoxin-mediated electron transport system. The free nitro radical generated as a result of this reduction is believed to be responsible for the antiprotozoal activity.
It is suggested that the toxic free radicals covalently bind to DNA, causing DNA damage and leading to cell death. The mechanism by which tinidazole exhibits activity against Giardia and Entamoeba species is not known, though it is probably similar.
Metabolism: Hepatic, mainly via CYP3A4. Tinidazole, like metronidazole, is significantly metabolized in humans prior to excretion. Tinidazole is partly metabolized by oxidation, hydroxylation and conjugation. Tinidazole is the major drug-related constituent in plasma after treatment, along with a small amount of the 2-hydroxymethyl metabolite.
Absorption: Rapidly and completely absorbed under fasting conditions. Administration with food results in a delay in Tmax of approximately 2 hours and a decline in Cmax of approximately 10% and an AUC of 901.6 ± 126.5 mcg hr/mL.
Route of elimination: Tinidazole crosses the placental barrier and is secreted in breast milk. Tinidazole is excreted by the liver and the kidneys. Tinidazole is excreted in the urine mainly as unchanged drug (approximately 20-25% of the administered dose). Approximately 12% of the drug is excreted in the feces.
Half life: Elimination half-life is 13.2 ± 1.4 hours. Plasma half-life is 12 to 14 hours.
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects.Some medical conditions may interact with Tinidazole.
Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions.
Side effects include: vaginal itching or discharge, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, indigestion, constipation, diarrhea, stomach cramps, feeling weak or tired, headache, dizziness or a metallic or bitter taste in your mouth.
This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider.
